Considering the request of high dose radiation born by the temperature environment simulation system for outer space, the structure model of the space temperature and radiation environment simulating system is built. Refrigerating unit and heating components are used to heat and refrigerate the antifreeze. The remote temperature control and anti-radiation design of the system are achieved through the circulation of antifreeze and gas. Temperature control process is divided into three stages, including refrigerating stage, heating stage and heat insulating stage. Increment PID control method, inverter power adjusting technology and fuzzy control method are adopted in the temperature control of environment simulation system, and the excellent control effect is achieved. Experimental results show that the actual temperature control curve is in accordance with the given one, and can satisfy the request of the space temperature environment simulation system.