It is difficult to detect the target of aircrafts in high resolution remote sensing images. So a bag of visual words model is proposed. In order to abtain the most discr imi native visual words and make visual codebook effective and compact, the visual w ords that are irrelevant, weakly irrelevant and redundant must be removed from t he visual codebook. The method integrating relevance analysis wit h redundancy analysis is used to prune out those useless visual words. Finally, t he most important visual words are chosen to describe aircrafts in high resoluti on remote sensing images, which helps reducing the computation in the following test stage and also improving the efficiency.