Based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique, exploring the brain plasticity has a great role in the decoding of the human brain activity and simulating the brain intelligence, and it is also a challenging task. However, the brain functional plasticity could be reflected by the variability of the functional connectivity, which closely depends on the effective analysis models. Thus, firstly,the key brain functional connectivity analysis methods are reviewed and the corresponding limitations of each method are also analyzed. Then, on the evidence from the researches of brain functional connectivity, the complex relationships between the brain functional plasticity and occupational factors are summarized and analyzed. Finally, the future research directions of the brain functional connectivity analysis models and the brain functional plasticity are recommended and discussed.