混响场中人头移动对主动降噪头枕性能的影响
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南京大学物理学院声学研究所近代声学教育部重点实验室, 南京 210093

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Effect of Head Movement on the Performance of Active Noise Control Headrests in Reverberant Sound Fields​
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Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Acoustics, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China

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    摘要:

    研究人头移动对混响声场中主动降噪头枕系统性能的影响,基于刚性球声散射模型对混响声场中的主动降噪头枕性能进行分析,并通过数值仿真提出了降噪量随人头移动的预测公式,讨论了对应用于主动降噪头枕的人耳定位系统的精度要求,并与初级噪声为平面波的情况进行了对比。仿真结果表明,噪声频率越高、人头初始位置降噪量越大、移动距离越大,降噪量衰减越大。对频率为125、250和500 Hz的噪声,初始位置降噪量为20 dB时,为保证降噪量衰减不大于3 dB,人头可以移动的范围分别为3.1 cm×4.1 cm×1.4 cm、2.9 cm×2.5 cm×1.2 cm和1.4 cm×1.2 cm×1.0 cm,小于平面波入射时的3.4 cm×9.1 cm×1.7 cm、3.1 cm×4.8 cm×1.5 cm和1.9 cm×2.3 cm×1.1 cm。最后,在混响室通过实验验证了仿真结果。研究结果对应用于飞机座舱、火车车厢等类似混响场声环境中的主动降噪头枕设计有一定的指导意义。

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    The effect of head movement on the performance of active noise control headrest systems in reverberant sound fields is investigated in this work. Based on the rigid-sphere scattering model, the performance of active noise control headrests in reverberant fields is analyzed. A prediction formula for noise reduction degradation due to head movement is proposed through numerical simulations, and the accuracy requirements for ear positioning systems applied to active noise control headrests are discussed. Comparisons are made with the case where the primary noise is a plane wave. Simulation results indicate that higher frequencies, greater initial noise reduction levels at the head position, and larger movement distances lead to more significant degradation in noise reduction. For 125 Hz, 250 Hz, and 500 Hz, with an initial noise reduction of 20 dB, the allowable head movement ranges to ensure noise reduction degradation not exceeding 3 dB are 3.1 cm×4.1 cm×1.4 cm, 2.9 cm×2.5 cm×1.2 cm, and 1.4 cm×1.2 cm×1.0 cm, respectively. These ranges are smaller than those for plane wave incidence, which are 3.4 cm×9.1 cm×1.7 cm, 3.1 cm×4.8 cm×1.5 cm, and 1.9 cm×2.3 cm×1.1 cm, respectively. Finally, experiments conducted in a reverberation chamber to validate the simulation results. The findings in this study provide guidance for the design of active noise control headrests applied in reverberant acoustic environments such as aircraft cabins and train compartments.

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杲旭,杨枫,王淑萍,陈锴,卢晶,刘晓峻.混响场中人头移动对主动降噪头枕性能的影响[J].数据采集与处理,2026,(3):736-748

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  • 收稿日期:2026-02-10
  • 最后修改日期:2026-03-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-06-10