耳罩式耳机接触压力对降噪量和舒适性的综合影响分析
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作者单位:

1.华南理工大学设计学院,广州510006;2.华南理工大学物理与光电学院,广州510641

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基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(12474465,12074129);广东省自然科学基金(2024A1515011446);国家重点研发计划(2022YFF0607000)。


Analysis on Comprehensive Impact of Contacting Force of Over-Ear Headphones on Noise Reduction and Comfort
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Affiliation:

1.School of Design, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;2.School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China

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    摘要:

    耳罩式耳机是一种与人体表面直接接触的声学穿戴设备,除了耳罩形状和材质,施加在耳罩上的夹紧力将直接影响耳罩在头皮表面的接触压力和降噪量,从而影响佩戴舒适和听觉舒适等体验。针对耳机产品接触压力难以测量和评估的问题,本文设计了一个给被试施加可调夹紧力的装置,同时采用一对压力胶片测量传递至头皮的接触压力。为了分析佩戴过程中的声学指标,在耳道口布置一对微缩传声器,用以捡拾和分析不同噪声环境下双耳噪声暴露剂量的衰减 (即降噪量),及其随夹紧力的变化。最后,结合舒适度量表,探讨了夹紧力、接触压力和降噪量等客观参数与舒适性主观感知之间的相关性,从而建议出合适的夹紧力设计范围。本文的实验方法和相关研究结论可为耳罩式耳机的夹紧力设计或评估提供一定的参考。

    Abstract:

    Over-ear headphones (or around-ear headphones) are acoustic wearable devices that directly contact with the surface of the human body. In addition to the shape and material of the earmuffs, the clamping force applied to the earmuffs will directly affect the contacting force on the scalp and the noise attenuation performance, thereby influencing the user’s wearing comfort and hearing comfort. To address the challenge of measuring and evaluating contact pressure in headphone products, a testing device is designed to employ an adjustable clamping force on a subject. In contrast, the contact pressure exerted on the scalp is measured using a pair of pressure-sensitive films. To analyze acoustic parameters during the wearing process, a pair of miniature microphones is positioned at the ear canal entrances to record and analyze the attenuation of binaural noise exposure dose (i.e. noise reduction amount) under different noise environments and various clamping forces. Finally, by incorporating comfort rating scales, the study examines the relationship between objective parameters, including clamping force, contacting force and noise attenuation, and subjective comfort perception. Based on the findings, an appropriate range for clamping force design is suggested. The experimental methodology and relevant conclusions of this study provide a reference for the design and evaluation of clamping force in over-ear headphones.

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陈梓涵,余光正,王业维,李哲林.耳罩式耳机接触压力对降噪量和舒适性的综合影响分析[J].数据采集与处理,2025,40(4):986-996

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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-09
  • 最后修改日期:2024-12-09
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-08-15