The monitoring of “low height, slow speed, small size” aircraft is a technical problem in the opening of low-altitude airspace, which restricts the development of general aviation. This paper designs a low-cost, small-volume and low-power navigation communication equipment for “low, slow and small” aircraft. The equipment integrates GPS、 Beidou, Galileo navigation source and Beidou short message communication functions. Using the civil aviation ADS-B communication data chain and Beidou short message receiving system, it not only brings “low, slow and small” aircraft into civil aviation communication navigation surveillance/air traffic management(CNS/ATM) supervision system, as well as avoids the operation risk of large aircraft in the fusion airspace, but also solves the problem of wireless signal loss in the case of obstacle occlusion and hyper-range. At the same time, track extrapolation and error correction techniques are used to ensure the accuracy of aircraft track continuity and position accuracy. A car and a light aircraft are deployed to carry on the flight comparison verification, and the results demonstrate that the function and the performance are superior to the existing ADS-B airborne communication and navigation equipment. This equipment provides a technical solution to “visible, identifiable and disposal” low altitude airspace aircraft.
图1 设备系统原理图Fig.1 Diagram of equipment
图2 ARM系统结构图Fig.2 System structure of ARM
图3 系统业务逻辑Fig.3 System business logic
图4 导航数据处理流程Fig.4 Navigation data processing process
图5 高度数据处理流程Fig.5 Processing process of high data
图6 气压高度处理算法Fig.6 Algorithm of air pressure height
图7 北斗短报文数据流程Fig.7 Process of Beidou short Message
图8 FPGA接口数据流程Fig.8 Process of FPGA interface data
图9 导航设备实物图Fig.9 Diagram of navigation equipment
图10 导航设备测试性能方案Fig.10 Performance test scheme for equipment
图11 设备测试效果图Fig.11 Test effect of equipment
图12 机场监视系统显示结果Fig.12 Result of airport surveillance system