With the increasing requirement for audio visual experience, three dimension (3D) multimedia technology, especially 3D audio technology that is less developed than 3D video, has received widespread attentions in recent years. Current researches of 3D audio can be divided into two kinds of technologies based on physical reconstruction of acoustic field and perceptual reconstruction of sound scene respectively. The representatives of the former are ambisonics, which is a full sphere surround sound reproduction technique based on spherical harmonic decomposition, and wave field synthesis (WFS), which is a spatial audio rendering technique based on wave fronts synthesis. Perceptual reconstruction techniques of sound scene mainly include the amplitude panning （AP） technique and the binaural sound synthesis technique based on head related transfer function （HRTF）. The above four kinds of 3D audio technologies and the corresponding typical systems are introduced and compared in this paper. The current hot researches of 3D audio techniques are also presented mainly from three aspects: spatial hearing perceptual mechanism, 3D audio coding and multichannel simplification of 3D sound system.